The Indian Institute of Public Administration (IIPA) was established in 1954 and is research and training organization under the Ministry of Personnel of the Government of India. IIPA aims to be one of the world's leading academic centres of thought and influence on public governance, policies and implementation so that public governance systems are more responsive to human needs and aspirations and aligned with human values. Key responsibility of the IIPA is to enhance the frontiers of knowledge in public policy and governance through applied research and education as well as training of administrators to serve the people of India. Enhancing leadership and managerial qualities on the one hand and developing a service-orientation on the other are the thrust areas of the Institute’s education and training activities. The activities of the Institute are organized in four inter-related areas of Research, Training, Advisory Services and Dissemination of Information.