The Safety and Security Category under the Social Pillar considers three core indicators and one supporting indicator to calculate the category Index. It primarily looks at number of streets and junctions under surveillance, incidence of crimes, crimes against women and accident cases.

A total of 4 parameters have been considered for determining the Safety and Security Index. These have been explained below. Kindly click each parameter for detailed description and tentative sources of information.

No. Name Unit Benchmark
5.1 Number of streets, public places, junctions covered through surveillance systems   Percentage 100%
Description:
The extent to which public areas such as streets, public places like transport interchanges, government buildings, recreational spaces etc. and major traffic junctions in the city are covered through Closed-circuit Television (CCTV) surveillance cameras. This can facilitate real time monitoring of instances of crime or accident and quicker responses in emergency situations. Such surveillance systems can result in improved security and incidence management, and in the specific case of traffic junctions, also help in obtaining real time information regarding pedestrian and vehicular flow for monitoring road accidents.
Expressed as:
Number of streets, public places and major traffic junctions covered through CCTV cameras
X 100 =
Total number of streets, public places and major traffic junctions in the city
Methodology / Interpretation and Sources of Data:
  • The following sites shall be included for calculating the metric.
    • All streets with ROW equal to or more than of 10 metres (minimum width for local roads IRC:86-1983);
    • Traffic junctions along all roads with ROW equal to or more than 20 metres (minimum width for collector roads IRC:86-1983);
    • Major transport interchanges including bus depots/stations, metro or suburban rail stations and water transport terminals (e.g. ferry terminal);
    • Public interface areas in government buildings, municipal markets, pedestrian subway crossings, and stadiums;
    • Recreational open spaces such as playgrounds, city and district parks, neighbourhood parks and tot lots, zoological/botanical gardens, bird sanctuary, and multi-open spaces and maidans for cultural events, public gatherings etc.
    • Other public spaces like publicly accessible beaches and waterfronts, promenades and public squares, and spaces of gathering/social interaction at neighbourhood-level.
  • Only those sites where CCTV cameras have been installed (and operationalized) will be included in the numerator. Data can be obtained from ULB, Transportation department and Police Department.
  • Total number of public areas can be calculated on the basis of existing land use and/or GIS maps. Where such maps are not available the survey teams will have to develop a working GIS map for calculation.
5.2 Number of recorded crimes per lakh population   Crimes per lakh City with the lowest crime rate (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description:
This denotes the prevalent crime rate in a city. Lower crime rates are indicative of higher levels of safety and security in a city, due to effective surveillance in public spaces, better SOS and crime registration systems, and police response mechanisms. Better planning and programming of public spaces, illumination of streets, compact and active neighbourhoods can also contribute to safer cities.
Expressed as:
Total number of crimes recorded in a year
X 1,00,000 =
Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data:
  • Total number of cases should be based on the total number of cases registered with the Police department
  • Crime data can be obtained from the Police Department. Latest reports published by the National Crime Research Bureau (NCRB) can also be used for obtaining crime data.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
5.3 Extent of crimes recorded against women, children and elderly per year   Percentage City with the lowest proportion of crimes against vulnerable groups (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description:
This denotes the proportion of crimes committed against vulnerable groups such as women, children and elderly.
Expressed as:
Number of crimes recorded against vulnerable groups (women, children and elderly) in a year
X 100 =
Total crimes recorded in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data:
  • Total number of cases should be based on the total number of cases registered with the Police department
  • Crime data can be obtained from the Police Department. Latest reports published by the National Crime Research Bureau (NCRB) can also be used for obtaining crime data.
5.4 Transport-related fatality per lakh population   Fatality per lakh <=2 persons per lakh
Description:
This denotes the level of safety of transport networks in the city. Better managed transport systems will tend to be safer and record lower transport related fatalities. Service Level Benchmarks (SLBs) for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as:
Total number of fatalities recorded in road accidents in a year
X 1,00,000 =
Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data:
  • Only fatalities related to roads, railways, water transport should be included in the numerator
  • Data on transport-related fatalities can be obtained from the Police department or Traffic department.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.