No. Name Unit Benchmark
1.1 Percentage of citizen services available online   Percentage 100%
Description:
The extent to which, various citizen services can be accessed by citizens remotely, through online portals, phone applications, e-kiosks etc. Citizen services will include various online payments of taxes and charges, applications and approvals, grievance management, issue of documents like birth and death certificates etc.
Expressed as:
Number of services integrated through singular operations centre
X 100 = ___%
Total number of Citizen Services Provided by the ULB

  • Mapping of various city services being provided in the city by the ULB and other service providers should be done in the following categories:
    • Taxes (e.g. property tax, professional tax),
    • User Charges (e.g. water charges),
    • Challans and fines (e.g. traffic violations),
    • Service connections (e.g. water supply connection)
    • Certificates/ Licenses (e.g. birth and death certificates)
    • Approvals (e.g. building plan sanctions),
    • Tenders (for various works) across various departments/ utilities
    • Grievance management (tracking of complaints),
    • Tickets and passes (e.g. public transport, cultural events), and
    • Disclosure of documents (e.g. budgets, plans, RTI requests).
  • A matrix should be prepared to map each of these citizen services in terms of aspects such as online registration, availability of online information, bill generation, payment, application for various services, tracking of progress, online delivery of certificates etc.
  • Example, Property Tax portal should include aspects like (i) process related information (ii) user registration (iii) self-assessment tool (iv) bill generation (v) payment. A city should provide all 5 aspects to score 100%
  • Example, Water Supply portal should include aspects like (i) process related information (ii) user registration (iii) application for connection (iv) grievance (v) tracking of progress (vi) bill generation (vii) payment. A city should provide all 7 aspects to score 100%
  • The final score should be an average percentage of the number of aspects available online for each type of citizen service.
  • Record of ULB/ public utilities and other service providers (like DISCOMs), and from the operator/systems integrator responsible for online systems
1.2 Percentage of services integrated through Command Centre   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which, various city services like water supply, sewerage, waste management, e-governance, urban transport etc. have been integrated through singular Operations or Command and Control Centres. such integration can facilitate better data management and horizontal integration across various services, leading to overall efficiency in service provision and optimal use of resources.
Expressed as:Number of services integrated through singular operations centre ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of services provided by the ULB
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Mapping of various city services being provided in the city by the ULB and other service providers should be done in the following categories:
    • Water Supply,
    • Sewerage and/or Septage,
    • Storm Water Drainage,
    • City Transport,
    • Solid Waste Management,
    • E-governance (including permissions, e-payments etc.),
    • Surveillance Systems,
    • Lighting of streets and public places,
    • Disaster and Emergency Response Management,
    • Disaster and Emergency Response Management,
    • >Health and Education,
    • Smart Homes and Buildings,
    • Entertainment and city events,
    • Wired/Wireless Connectivity.
  • Such a list must also include sub-services. For example, City Transport should include public transport, intermediate public transport (IPT) or para-transit, traffic management, parking management etc. and Waste Management should include collection, transportation, disposal and recovery.
  • >Data on actual number of such city services being integrated through Command Centre should be mapped to form the numerator.
  • Data on various services can be obtained from ULB/ public utilities and other service providers (like DISCOMs), and from operator/ systems integrator responsible for the Singular Operations Centre or Command and Control Centre
1.3 Percentage of citizens using online services   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which citizens have started using the online portals and phone-based smart applications for accessing various citizen services that are being provided online
Expressed as: Average for all citizen services Number of registered users using online services in a month ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of households
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Average should be taken for usage records available for various citizen services (as defined in Indicator 1.1) being provided online
  • Data should be collected across different media such as ULB website, websites of other providers like DISCOMs and various phone-based apps for accessing citizen services
  • An instance of login from a unique ID during a month should be counted only once for the month, irrespective of the number of times that ID is used during the month. Similarly, if a unique ID has logged in from more than one media i.e. website, phone app, e-kiosks etc. the same should be counted only once for the month.
  • Data on instances of login by registered users can be obtained from operator/ systems integrator responsible for website/app backend management
  • Data for households should be based on the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population
1.4 Average delay in grievance redressal [Average redressal period for a service - Committed redressal period for the service]   No. of Days <7 days for all, other than specified for which it would < 1 month
Description: This denotes the efficiency achieved in addressing complaints/issues raised by citizens regarding the various services being provided by the ULB. Most cities have committed grievance redressal timelines as part of their Citizen Charters. the Guidelines on national Mission Mode Project on e-Governance in Municipalities of the MoUD provide the guidelines and benchmarks for grievance acknowledgement and redressal.
Expressed as: Average of all services [Average redressal period for a service - Committed redressal period for the service] = ______
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Committed grievance redressal timelines for the following services will be mapped:
    • water supply,
    • solid waste management,
    • drainage,
    • sewerage/septage,
    • roads,
    • street lights,
    • open spaces,
    • public transport services like ticketing,
    • power supply,
    • taxes and user charges, and
    • various other online services.
  • Where such commitments are not available, the benchmark given below will be treated as committed period for grievance redressal.
  • Average time taken for successful redressal, identified separately for each service, should be calculated on the basis of historical data available for a reasonable period of time (separately for each service)
  • Average redressal time can be obtained from the records of ULB/ public utilities and other service providers (like DISCOMs), or logs maintained by agencies responsible for online systems (wherever applicable)
  • The final score on the indicator will be the average of values mapped for each type of service
1.5 Tax collected as percentage of tax billed   Percentage 90%
Description: This denotes the efficiency achieved by a city in collecting property taxes against the tax demand raised in a given year. implementation of smart solutions in cities will be expected to improve systemic efficiencies in issuance of regular and timely demand notices, and facilitate ease of payment (online, m-applications etc.), thereby leading to improvement in collection of taxes and ULB revenues.
Expressed as: Total tax collected in a year ---------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total demand raised for the year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data for tax demand raised by the ULB and collection efficiency against demand, should be collected for previous financial year. For example, if data is being collected in June 2017, data on total property tax demand and collection for 2016-17 must be obtained.
  • Data can be obtained from the revenue departments of ULBs
1.6 Extent of cost recovery (O&M) in water supply services   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which O&M expenditure on provision of water supply services is being recovered by city administrations through user charges. O&M cost can be reduced through the implementation of monitoring systems like sCADA, installation of smart meters and reduction in nRW. this coupled with adoption of telescopic and volume based tariffs, and efficient billing and collection systems can result in better recovery of costs.
Expressed as: Total capital expenditure during a year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total expenditure (revenue and capital accounts) in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data for water charges collected by the ULB and O&M costs for providing water supply services, should be obtained for previous financial year. For example, if data is being collected in June 2017, data on water charges and O&M costs for 2016-17 must be obtained.
  • Data can be obtained from the records of the ULB/ Water Utility
1.7 Capital spending as percentage of total expenditure   Percentage City with the highest performance (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: The extent to which, a ULB is able to re-invest its revenues into creation of capital (infrastructure and assets), after taking care of annual establishment and O&M costs. this is a strong measure of the financial health of cities and a higher percentage indicates that the city is proactively improving its services and facilities.
Expressed as
Expressed as: Total capital expenditure during a year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total expenditure (revenue and capital accounts) in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data should be collected for previous financial year. For example, if data is being collected in June 2017, data on capital expenditure and total expenditure for 2016-17 must be obtained.
  • Data can be obtained from the Accounts department of the ULB
1.8 Percentage of population covered under Ward Committees/ Area Sabhas   Percentage City with the highest performance (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: The participation of citizens in matters of governance, planning and development is critical for ensuring inclusive and participatory growth of cities. this indicator determines the extent of institutionalization of citizen participation, through implementation of the provisions of the Community Participation Law. Expressed as: Population covered under ward committees/ area sabhas ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total population of the cityMethodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data should be calculated as the sum of population covered under operational ward committees/ area sabhas.
  • Operational ward committees/ area sabhas will mean those that hold meetings regularly, and participate actively in ward-level budgeting and prioritization of works.
  • Data on formation of ward committees/ area sabhas and the meetings conducted by such committees will be available from the records maintained by the ULB
  • Data for city population should be based on the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population
2.1 Restoration and reuse of historic buildings (Average for buildings listed by ASI, State ASI and Local Authority)   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which planning and development in the city respects historic buildings/sites and the existing cultural landscape, through projects for preservation/restoration and adaptive reuse. Heritage assets are listed by the Archaeological survey of india (Asi) and various state Asis. City governments may also undertake listing of buildings, sites, precincts considered historically significant locally due to their cultural importance. the guidelines for local listing and grading of heritage assets are provided by the town and Country Planning Organization (tCPO), MoUD (Model Heritage Regulations, 2011).
Expressed as: Average for buildings listed by ASI, State ASI and Local Authority Number of historic buildings/sites restored/preserved/brought under adaptive reuse ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of historic buildings/sites identified
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Historic buildings will include buildings and areas notified by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), State ASI, as well as those listed as part of city/municipal lists.
  • Data should be obtained separately for all three lists i.e. ASI, State ASI and local list.
  • Projects can include conservation, preservation, repair, restoration, adaptive reuse, retrofitting etc. as defined in the National Policy for Conservation of Ancient Monuments, Archaeological Sites and Remains, 2014 developed by the Archaeological Survey of India.
  • Records of ASI, State ASI and ULB/ Planning Authority can be used to get data on listing and completed conservation projects.
2.2 Percentage of ecologically important areas covered through projects for restoration   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which the city has taken ecologically sensitive areas (natural heritage) into consideration during the process of planning and development. ecologically sensitive sites will include surface water bodies, urban watershed (natural drainage lines), coastlines, riverfronts, wetlands and urban forests. such sites are often ignored in the process of urban development and suffer from invasive development along the edges, deterioration due to dumping of wastes and waste water, pollution, silting and narrowing etc. Restoration of such sites can lead to better urban environment and sustainable development.
Expressed as: Ecologically important sites covered through projects for restoration -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of ecologically important sites identified in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Ecologically sensitive sites will include surface water bodies, urban watershed (natural drainage lines), coastlines, riverfronts, wetlands and urban forests.
  • Such sites of ecological importance will need to be identified and plotted on a map in discussion with the ULB/ Planning officials.
  • Only completed projects should be included. Records of ULB/ Development Authority regarding completed projects must be corroborated through site visits.
2.3 Hotel Occupancy   Percentage City with the highest performance (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This indicates the extent to which the city is frequented by tourists/visitors coming to the city for various purposes such as tourism, business or other work related activities. High average hotel occupancy rates across different times of the year indicate a flourishing inflow of visitors, fuelled by improvements in economic productivity and business environment, concerted efforts towards upkeep and marketing of local heritage and ecological assets (eco-tourism), and availability of adequate opportunities for exploring local identity and culture.
Expressed as: Average of various categories of hotels Total number of hotel rooms occupied ----------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of hotel rooms available
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data must be collected separately for different categories of hotels. Data can be collected from Hotel Associations.
  • Key categories of hotels are given as per ‘Guidelines for Classification of Hotels’ and ‘Guidelines for Classification of Heritage Hotels’ published by the Ministry of Tourism, and include Star Category Hotels – 5 star deluxe, 5 star, 4 star, 3 star, 2 star and 1 star, and Heritage Category Hotels – Heritage Grand, Heritage Classic and Heritage Basic
  • Where such data is not available sample surveys will have to be conducted across various categories of hotels
  • The final indicator value will be calculated as an average of occupancy rates in the various hotel categories
2.4 Percentage of budget allocated towards cultural/sports activities   Percentage City with the highest performance (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This indicates the focus of the City Government on encouraging cultural and sports activities in the city. Active budgeting and expenditure by city governments on such cultural/sports activities can facilitate a vibrant socio-cultural environment within cities.
Expressed as: Budget allocated for cultural/sports activities -------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total budget of the ULB (capital and revenue)
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Cultural activities will include various music and dance performances, art exhibitions, expositions and exhibitions, literary events, film screenings and festivals etc.
  • Sports activities will include local/state/national tournaments, short duration training camps, promotional events etc.
  • Sports activities will include local/state/national tournaments, short duration training camps, promotional events etc.
  • Sports activities will include local/state/national tournaments, short duration training camps, promotional events etc.
  • All data can be obtained from Accounts department of the ULB
2.5 Number of cultural/sports events hosted by city   Number of events City with the highest number of events (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This along with the previous indicator 2.4 indicates the focus of the City Government on encouraging cultural and sports activities in the city. While some of the activities may be actively funded through ULB funds, others may be supported by the city administration through facilitation of permissions and provision of land/facilities.
Expressed as: Number of cultural/sports events hosted by the city authority in the preceding year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Cultural activities will include various music and dance performances, art exhibitions, expositions and exhibitions, literary events, film screenings and festivals etc.
  • Sports activities will include local/state/national tournaments, short duration training camps, promotional events etc.
  • Data should be collected for previous financial year. For example, if data is being collected in June 2017, number of events in 2016-17 must be captured.
  • Data can be obtained from the Accounts department of ULBs
3.1 Percentage of school-aged population enrolled in schools   Percentage 100%
Description: Education is one of the most important aspects of human development. This indicator denotes educational opportunity, and determines the coverage of formal education among schoolaged population in the city. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE Act) of 2009 provides for children below the age of 14 to be provided free and compulsory education.
Expressed as: Total enrolment in primary and secondary schools (public and private) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total population in the age group of 6-14 years
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Enrolment is given as the number of students who are enrolled in a particular grade as on 30th September of the School Year. It shall include new entrants, promotees and repeaters
  • Data on school enrolment is compiled by every state, district and city, under the Unified District Information System of Education (U-DISE) Programme of the Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD).
  • Under U-DISE, school data is updated annually with 30th September as the reference date.
  • Data should include both public and private schools.
  • Data for population in age group of 6-14 years (eligible under RTE 2009) can be obtained from Education Department. In the absence of such data population Census may be used as base, and annual growth rate may be applied to arrive at current population.
3.2 Percentage of female school-aged population enrolled in schools   Percentage 100%
Description: This indicator determines the availability of educational opportunity for girls. Reporting on differential enrolment by gender is also consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals. The RTE Act 2009 provides for children below the age of 14 to be provided free and compulsory education.
Expressed as: Total female enrolment in primary and secondary schools (public and private) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total female population in the age group of 6-14 years
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Enrolment is given as the number of students who are enrolled in a particular grade as on 30th September of the School Year. It shall include new entrants, promotees and repeaters
  • Data on school enrolment is compiled by every state, district and city, under the Unified District Information System of Education (U-DISE) Programme of the Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD).
  • Under U-DISE, school data is updated annually with 30th September as the reference date.
  • Data should include both public and private schools.
  • Data for female population in age group of 6-14 years (eligible under RTE 2009) can be obtained from Education Department. In the absence of such data population Census may be used as base, and annual growth rate may be applied to arrive at current population
3.3 Primary education student-teacher ratio   Ratio 1:30
Description: This denotes the availability of adequate number of teachers in schools for providing primary education. A lower ratio indicates better individual attention and support for students in the primary grades. The norms for an acceptable student-teacher ratio are set out under the RTE Act 2009.
Expressed as: Total number of students in primary grades (public and private) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total number of teachers available for primary grades (public and private schools)
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The number of classroom teachers and other instructional staff (e.g. teachers’ aides, guidance counsellors), shall not include administrators or other non-teaching staff.
  • Kindergarten or pre-school teachers and staff shall not be included.
  • Enrolment in schools is given as the number of students who are enrolled in a particular grade as on 30th September of the School Year. It shall include new entrants, promotees and repeaters
  • Data on school enrolment is compiled by every state, district and city, under the Unified District Information System of Education (U-DISE) Programme of the Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD).
  • Under U-DISE, school data is updated annually with 30th September as the reference date.
  • Data should include both public and private schools.
3.4 Percentage of schools with access to digital education   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which government schools have facilities for accessing digital educational content, thereby reducing the complete dependence on the quality of teachers as well as improving learning outcomes through use of innovative audio-visual pedagogy and providing access to vast online knowledge repositories. It is important for schools to not only focus on procuring digital infrastructure but also focus on connecting to robust digital learning networks such as the National Knowledge Network (NKN) developed by the Government of India.
Expressed as:
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Schools with necessary infrastructure and connection to digital resources such as the National Knowledge Network (NKN) developed by the Government of India shall be counted.
  • Data (including for total number of schools) should include both public and private schools and can be obtained from the Education Department.
  • Where such data is not available the same may be obtained through ward-level surveys of sample schools.
3.5 Percentage of students completing primary education   Percentage 100%
Description: The ability of the primary education system in the city to hold enrolled students until the completion of primary education (survival rate). It is the percentage of students belonging to a schoolcohort who have reached each successive grade of primary education without failing or moving to another jurisdiction. Survival rate, particularly at the primary level, is considered a pre-requisite for sustainable literacy, and indicates the holding power and efficiency of the primary education system.
Expressed as: Average for all school cohorts enrolled in base year Number of students from a school cohort completing primary education ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of students belonging to the school cohort
3.6 Percentage of students completing secondary education   Percentage 100%
Description: The ability of the secondary education system to hold enrolled students until the completion of secondary education (survival rate). It is the percentage of students belonging to a school-cohort i.e. those originally enrolled in the first grade of secondary education, who have reached each successive grade of secondary education without failing or moving to another jurisdiction.
Expressed as: Average for all school cohorts enrolled in base year Number of students from a school cohort completing secondary education ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of students belonging to the school cohort
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • School cohort is the number of students who have enrolled in the first grade of secondary education at a school in a given year
  • Number of students from a school cohort completing secondary education are the number of students who have reached each successive grade of secondary education without failing or moving to another jurisdiction
  • If the city reporting year is 2016 and secondary education lasts seven years, report the percentage of students that entered secondary education in 2008 and reached the final grade of secondary education in 2015.
  • The year 2008 will be considered the base year and enrolment will be given as the number of students who enrolled in the first grade of secondary education as on 30th September of the base year
  • Data should be an average of all school cohorts from public and private schools as per records available with the Education Department
4.1 Number of in-patient hospital beds per 10,000 population   Number per 10,000 population 25 beds per 10,000 population
Description: This denotes the adequacy of inpatient medical infrastructure measured in the form of availability of in-patient beds in hospitals (public and private) in the city. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides the benchmarks for health services as part of its Service Availability and Readiness Assessment initiative (SARA Reference Manual 2015).
Expressed as:Number of in-patient hospital beds in public and private hospitals ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 10,000 = ________ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on hospital beds should include both public and private hospitals and should be sourced from the Health Department.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
4.2 Healthcare professionals per 10,000 population   Number per 10,000 population 23 beds per 10,000 population
Description: This denotes the availability of health workers in the city (health worker density) that cater to the health needs of citizens. This includes various qualified human resources for healthcare including doctors, nurses, mid-wives etc. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides the benchmarks for health services as part of its Service Availability and Readiness Assessment initiative (SARA Reference Manual 2015).
Expressed as: Total number of qualified healthcare professionals ---------------------------------------------------------------------- X 10,000 = ________ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Qualified healthcare professionals will include Doctors (Allopathic), Doctors (AYUSH), Trained Nurses, Dentists, Pharmacists, and Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs).
  • Data can be obtained from the records available with the Health Department.
4.3 Average response time in case of health emergencies   Minutes and seconds 8 minutes
Description: The average response time taken by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) to respond to an initial distress call. Response time is the time elapsed from receiving the initial call to arrival onsite of emergency personnel and equipment. Lower response times indicate better preparedness and response to emergency calls, resulting in effective and timely medical attention.
Expressed as: Sum of all response times for distress calls received during the year -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =________ Total number of emergency responses in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Response time is the time elapsed from receiving the initial call to arrival on-site of emergency personnel and equipment.
  • Data on response times for all emergency responses in one year should be obtained from sample hospitals and leading emergency service providers.
  • Records maintained by government services such as 108/102 National Ambulance Service operated under the National Health Mission can also be used.
  • The final value of the indicator should be calculated as an average of response times across various sample hospitals/ service providers.
4.4 Period prevalence of water borne diseases   Percentage City with the lowest prevalence of water-borne diseases (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in the Liveability Standards document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the prevalence of water borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery etc. in the city during a particular time period. It is an indicator of the quality of water used for drinking, washing, bathing etc. in the city
Expressed as: Number of cases of persons affected by water borne diseases in a year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X100 = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Only instances of water borne diseases like cholera, typhoid, dysentery etc. should be captured. Data can be obtained from the records maintained by the Health Department for the measurement period.
  • Alternatively data available with government hospitals can be used as a basis to estimate the number of cases in the city. Data for remaining hospitals (non-government) can be proportionate to the number of private beds as compared to government hospitals.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
4.5 Period prevalence of vector borne diseases   Percentage City with the lowest prevalence of vector borne diseases (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in the Liveability Standards document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the prevalence of vector borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya etc. in the city during a particular time period. It is an indicator of the measures taken by city administrations to control the growth of mosquitoes and other organisms that spread such diseases, and the general level of hygiene and sanitation in the city.
Expressed as: Number of cases of persons affected by vector borne diseases in a year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X100 = _____% Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Only instances of vector borne diseases like malaria, dengue, chikungunya etc. should be captured. Data can be obtained from the records maintained by the Health Department for the measurement period.
  • Alternatively data available with government hospitals can be used as a basis to estimate the number of cases in the city. Data for remaining hospitals (non-government) can be proportionate to the number of private beds as compared to government hospitals.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
5.1 Number of streets, public places, junctions covered through surveillance systems   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which public areas such as streets, public places like transport interchanges, government buildings, recreational spaces etc. and major traffic junctions in the city are covered through Closed-circuit Television (CCTV) surveillance cameras. This can facilitate real time monitoring of instances of crime or accident and quicker responses in emergency situations. Such surveillance systems can result in improved security and incidence management, and in the specific case of traffic junctions, also help in obtaining real time information regarding pedestrian and vehicular flow for monitoring road accidents.
Expressed as: Number of streets, public places and major traffic junctions covered through CCTV cameras -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of streets, public places and major traffic junctions in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The following sites shall be included for calculating the metric.
    • All streets with ROW equal to or more than of 10 metres (minimum width for local roads IRC:86-1983);
    • Traffic junctions along all roads with ROW equal to or more than 20 metres (minimum width for collector roads IRC:86-1983);
    • Major transport interchanges including bus depots/stations, metro or suburban rail stations and water transport terminals (e.g. ferry terminal);
    • Public interface areas in government buildings, municipal markets, pedestrian subway crossings, and stadiums;
    • Recreational open spaces such as playgrounds, city and district parks, neighbourhood parks and tot lots, zoological/botanical gardens, bird sanctuary, and multi-open spaces and maidans for cultural events, public gatherings etc.
    • Other public spaces like publicly accessible beaches and waterfronts, promenades and public squares, and spaces of gathering/social interaction at neighbourhood-level.
  • Only those sites where CCTV cameras have been installed (and operationalized) will be included in the numerator. Data can be obtained from ULB, Transportation department and Police Department.
  • Total number of public areas can be calculated on the basis of existing land use and/or GIS maps. Where such maps are not available the survey teams will have to develop a working GIS map for calculation.
5.2 Number of recorded crimes per lakh population   Crimes per lakh City with the lowest crime rate (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the prevalent crime rate in a city. Lower crime rates are indicative of higher levels of safety and security in a city, due to effective surveillance in public spaces, better SOS and crime registration systems, and police response mechanisms. Better planning and programming of public spaces, illumination of streets, compact and active neighbourhoods can also contribute to safer cities.
Expressed as: Total number of crimes recorded in a year ------------------------------------------------------------- X 1,00,000 = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total number of cases should be based on the total number of cases registered with the Police department
  • Crime data can be obtained from the Police Department. Latest reports published by the National Crime Research Bureau (NCRB) can also be used for obtaining crime data.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
5.3 Extent of crimes recorded against women, children and elderly per year   Percentage City with the lowest proportion of crimes against vulnerable groups (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the proportion of crimes committed against vulnerable groups such as women, children and elderly.
Expressed as: Number of crimes recorded against vulnerable groups (women, children and elderly) in a year --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total crimes recorded in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total number of cases should be based on the total number of cases registered with the Police department
  • Crime data can be obtained from the Police Department. Latest reports published by the National Crime Research Bureau (NCRB) can also be used for obtaining crime data.
5.4 Transport-related fatality per lakh population   Fatality per lakh <=2 persons per lakh
Description: This denotes the level of safety of transport networks in the city. Better managed transport systems will tend to be safer and record lower transport related fatalities. Service Level Benchmarks (SLBs) for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as: Total number of fatalities recorded in road accidents in a year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 1,00,000 = _____ Total population of the cityMethodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Only fatalities related to roads, railways, water transport should be included in the numerator
  • Data on transport-related fatalities can be obtained from the Police department or Traffic department.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
6.1 Increase in VAT/GST collection   Percentage City with the highest increase in collection (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This is one of the important indicators of economic productivity and competitiveness of a city, along with Indicators 6.2 and 6.3. Increase in collection of Value-added Tax (VAT) or Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a proxy for improvements in trade and services in the city.
Expressed as: (Total VAT/GST collection during the year – Total VAT/GST collection during preceding year) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total VAT/GST collection during preceding year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on VAT/GST collection must be collected for 2 consecutive years i.e. year for which indicator is being calculated and the preceding year.
  • Data can be obtained from the Department of Sales Tax, Trade and Taxes Department or similar departme
6.2 Increase in collection of Professional Tax   Percentage City with the highest increase in collection (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This is one of the important indicators of economic productivity and competitiveness of a city, along with Indicators 6.1 and 6.3. Increase in collection of Professional Tax is a proxy for improvements in organized sector employment in the city.
Expressed as: (Total Professional Tax collection during the year – Total collection during preceding year) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total Professional Tax collection during preceding year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on Professional tax collection must be collected for 2 consecutive years i.e. year for which indicator is being calculated and the preceding year.
  • Data can be obtained from the Revenue Department of ULBs
6.3 Increase in issuance of Construction Permits   Percentage City with the highest increase in permits (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This is one of the important indicators of economic productivity and competitiveness of a city, along with Indicators 6.1 and 6.2. Increases in issuance of construction permits indicates improvements in the construction/real estate sector in the city.
Expressed as: (Number of permits issued during the year – Number of permits during preceding year) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Number of construction permits during preceding year

Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on Construction permits must be collected for 2 consecutive years i.e. year for which indicator is being calculated and the preceding year.
  • Data can be obtained from the Building Permissions Department of the ULB
6.4 Unemployment Rate   Per 1000 persons City with the lowest unemployment rate (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: Employment generation is one of the key channels through which economic growth translates into prosperity for the population. Unemployment rate of a city denotes the proportion of work force in a city that is not engaged in gainful employment or economic activity, and is given as persons unemployed per 1000 persons in the labour force (employed and unemployed).
Expressed as: Number of unemployed persons (seeking or available for work) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 1000 = _____ Total labour force in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Numerator should include data on number of unemployed persons from the labour force who are seeking or available for work.
  • Labour force estimates will be for persons aged 15 years and above only
  • State level data on labour force and unemployment for urban areas as a whole can be obtained from the Annual Employment-Unemployment Survey conducted by the Labour Bureau, Ministry of Labour and Employment. City specific figures can be derived from the State-level data on the basis of share of urban population.
6.5 Percentage of vendors registered and provided formal spaces   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which the city has implemented inclusive strategies for protecting livelihoods of street vendors, by integrating such activities with public places (including streets) in line with the Street Vendors Act of 2014.
Expressed as:
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Actual provision of spaces must be documented on the records of the ULB and should be corroborated through sample surveys
  • Data on total number of vendors can be obtained from the records of the ULB
7.1 Percentage of Slum/EWS households covered through formal/ affordable housing   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which slum households have been provided formal housing through redevelopment projects, and EWS (economically weaker section) households have been covered through various affordable housing projects and schemes. Improved housing supply to the poorer sections can to lead to overall improvement in the living conditions of the poor.
Expressed as:
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on slum and EWS households who have been provided housing under slum redevelopment or subsidy/interest subvention schemes will be the cumulative data for the city at the time of reporting.
  • EWS category will be defined as prescribed in the PMAY scheme of the Government of India, or as redefined by the various State Governments in consultation with the Centre. Slum households will be as per the last notified list of the ULB or as per Census (in case such listing is not available).
  • Data on allotment of mandatory EWS housing component constructed by private developers (in cities where such policies have been implemented), as well as redevelopment of slum sites under PPP schemes such as the SRA scheme in Mumbai shall also be included in the calculation.
  • Data on EWS component constructed by private developers can be obtained from the records of the ULB. Data on slum redevelopment schemes, PMAY or other state can also be obtained from the ULB.
  • Data on total number of slum and EWS households in the city can be obtained from the records of the ULB.
7.2 Percentage of slum areas covered through basic services   Percentage 100%
Description: This denotes the extent to which basic services of water supply, waste water management and solid waste management (SWM) are available in slum areas of the city.
Expressed as: Slum areas covered through basic services ------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total area under slums in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Basic services will include water supply, waste water management and solid waste management (SWM)
  • Only those slum areas where all three basic services are fully met shall be counted.
  • Water supply shall mean supply of potable water through household level direct water supply connections. Slum areas where supply of water is through stand posts shall not be included.
  • Waste water management shall mean provision of individual/ community toilets (connected to septic tanks or sewerage) or other low cost sanitation solutions, and storm water drainage.
  • SWM will include daily collection from doorstep or common collection points.
  • Data can be obtained from the records of the ULB and corroborated through sample physical surveys.
  • Data on total area under slums in the city can be obtained from the records of the ULB.
8.1 Per capita availability of green spaces   Square metres (sq.m.) 10-12 sq.m. per capita
Description: The extent to which urban greens and open spaces such as recreational spaces, organized greens and common spaces like flood plains, forest cover, vacant lands etc. are available in the city leading to a better urban environment. The Urban and Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) guidelines, 2014 prescribe benchmarks for open spaces in cities.
Expressed as: Total area of green space (sq.m.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total area under urban greens will include recreational spaces, organized greens and common spaces such as flood plains, forest cover, vacant lands etc. as per URDPFI guidelines.
  • Data on area of urban greens can be obtained from the land use plan available with the ULB/ Planning Authority or Development Authority. Where an updated GIS database is available the same can be used.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
8.2 Per capita availability of public and recreational places   Square metres (sq.m.) City with the highest per capita availability (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This indicator denotes the extent to which recreational and public spaces are available in the city for recreation, social interaction and active physical activities. Such spaces can include playgrounds, stadiums and sports complexes, city and district parks, neighbourhood parks and tot lots, zoological/botanical gardens, multi-use open spaces and maidans for cultural events, publicly accessible waterfront areas, promenades, public squares etc.
Expressed as: Total area of public and recreational places (sq.m.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Recreational spaces will include (i) Playgrounds, Stadiums (indoor and outdoor), sports complexes, clubs and swimming pools; (ii) City and district parks, neighbourhood parks and tot lots, zoological/botanical gardens, bird sanctuary; and (iii) Multi-open spaces and maidans for cultural events, public gatherings etc.
  • Public spaces like publicly accessible beaches and waterfronts, promenades and public squares, and spaces of gathering/social interaction at neighbourhood-level shall be included. Neighbourhood spaces must be at least 1/6 acre (0.067 hectare) in area as per LEEDS standards for neighbourhoods. Further, spaces less than 1 acre (0.4 hectare) must have a proportion no narrower than 1 unit of width to 4 units of length.
  • Data can be obtained from land use/ GIS plans and records available with the ULB/ Development Authority and corroborated through physical surveys.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population
9.1 Share of mixed land use area in overall city land use   Percentage City with the highest percentage of mixed use (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This indicates the proportion of areas in the city which have been developed as multifunctional zones, i.e. areas where residential, commercial and non-polluting industrial activity/ service industry are planned in close proximity to one another as an integrated mix. This is an important departure from the emphasis of modern planning on functional separation leading to unsustainable land use patterns (large monofunctional land uses, longer trip distances, overt reliance on motorized transport etc.). The URDPFI guidelines, 2014 provide the guidelines for planning of mixed land use areas.
Expressed as: Total area under mixed land use ----------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total area of the city (total area of all land uses)
  • Three kinds of mixed land use zones have been identified under the URDPFI Guidelines. Areas of the city that exhibit either of these characteristics shall be identified as mixed land use areas:
    • Mixed Industrial Use (M1 zone): Activities falling within non-polluting industry/ service industry (dominant land use) categories can coexist with maximum up to 20-30% of commercial, institutional, recreational and residential land use;
    • Mixed Residential Use (M2 zone): All activities falling within permitted residential land use (dominant land use) shall be minimum 60% and to coexist with commercial, institutional, recreational;
    • Mixed Commercial Use (M3 zone): All activities falling within permitted commercial, institutional land use (dominant land use) shall be minimum 60% and to coexist with residential, recreational and non􀀀 polluting and household industry.
  • Data can be obtained from the land use plan available with the ULB/ Planning Authority or Development Authority. Where an updated GIS database is available the same can be used
9.2 Net Density   Persons per hectare City with the highest net density (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the intensity of development in the city. Higher net densities coupled with mixed land use areas can result in a compact development pattern, potentially forming walkable and inviting activity centres and neighbourhoods.
Expressed as: Total population of the city ------------------------------------------------------------------------ = _____ Area allocated for residential land use (in hectares)
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • This is net residential density and will only include residential land uses (including residential pockets within mixed use areas). All other land uses including roads and green spaces must be removed for the calculation.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population
  • Data on area under residential land use can be obtained from the land use map available with the ULB and/or Development Authority. Where an updated GIS spatial database is available the same can be used to determine the land uses
10.1 Percentage of city population with authorized electrical service   Percentage 100%
Description: This denotes the extent to which households in the city are being served through authorized electrical connections, and enjoy associated services such as complaint registration and timely grievance redressal.
Expressed as: Number of authorized electrical connections at household level -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of households in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Only household connections (residential consumers) shall be counted for the indicator.
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs).
  • Data on households can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
10.2 Percentage of electrical connections covered through smart meters   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which electrical connections in the city are covered through smart meters, leading to better monitoring and reduction in losses. Smart metering is an essential component of a smart grid, and supplies the required meter data and events’ information to the utility’s various IT systems, including its outage management system. This allows better management of power outages and restoration, and can improve reliability of supply in the long run.
Expressed as: Number of electrical connections (residential and commercial) with smart meters ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of electricity connections in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The calculation should include all types of consumers – residential, commercial and industrial covered through smart meters.
  • Data on total connections and those with smart meters can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs).
10.3 Average number of electrical interruptions per customer per year   Number per consumer City with the lowest number of outages (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the reliability of electric supply for both residential and commercial users, in terms of frequency of electrical interruptions causing inconvenience to users. This indicator is also known as the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), defined as the average number of sustained interruptions (outages that last more than 5 minutes) per consumer during the year. This is one of the critical reliability indicators prescribed under the IEEE Standard 1366, 2012.
Expressed as: Total number of sustained electrical interruptions in a year ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total number of consumers (residential and commercial) served in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The calculation should include all types of consumers – residential, commercial and industrial.
  • Only instances of sustained power outages that last longer than 5 minutes (as defined by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, NERC 1996) shall be included in the calculation
  • Capturing data over the period of an entire year allows the indicator to capture seasonal variations in efficiency of power distribution
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs)
10.4 Average length of electrical interruptions per customer per year   Hours per consumer City with the lowest average length of outages (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: In combination with Indicator 10.3 this denotes the reliability of electrical supply for both residential and commercial users, in terms of average duration of unscheduled electrical interruptions causing inconvenience to users. This indicator is also known as the System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), defined as the average duration of sustained interruptions (outages that last more than 5 minutes) per consumer during the year. This is one of the critical reliability indicators prescribed under the IEEE Standard 1366, 2012.
Expressed as: Sum of duration of all sustained electrical interruptions in a year (in hours) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total number of consumers (residential and commercial) served in the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The calculation should include all types of consumers – residential, commercial and industrial.
  • Only instances of sustained power outages that last longer than 5 minutes (as defined by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, NERC 1996) shall be included in the calculation
  • Capturing data over the period of an entire year allows the indicator to capture seasonal variations in efficiency of power distribution
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs)
10.5 Percentage of total energy derived from renewable sources   Percentage 10%
Description: The extent to which energy demand is met from non-conventional energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy etc. thereby reducing the dependence on energy produced through nonrenewable sources. Cities can actively promote installation of renewable energy systems both in public buildings and public spaces, as well as individual households and community facilities.
Expressed as: Total installed capacity for generation of renewable energy in the city --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total energy consumption from all sources
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data for renewable energy installations in Government buildings (including ULB buildings) as well as households who have sought subsidy under schemes should be captured.
  • Data can be obtained from the various state nodal agencies for renewable energy. Data can also be obtained from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
  • Data on total energy consumption can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs)
10.6 Energy consumption per unit - water supply and sewerage   kWh per million litres City with the lowest per unit consumption (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: The extent to which ULB has adopted energy saving options to reduce the energy consumption on water supply and sewerage services through interventions such as use of energy efficient pumps for water and wastewater systems.
Expressed as: Energy consumption on water supply and sewerage services ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = ________ Total quantum of water and waste water handled during the period
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Energy consumption data for a period of a month on water supply and sewerage services should be captured
  • Average of energy consumption data for different months should be used, in order to capture periodic variations.
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs).
  • Total quantum of water supplied during the period can be obtained from the records of the ULB/ Water and Sewerage Utility or PHED, as applicable. This can also be estimated based on the average quantum of treated water supplied into the distribution system on a daily basis (million litres per day), as given by the providing agency.
10.7 Energy consumption per unit – street lighting   kWh per light installation City with the lowest per unit consumption (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: The extent to which ULB has adopted energy saving options to reduce the energy consumption on street lighting through interventions such as installation of energy saving LED lights and/or solar panels in street lights, and general lighting in public places such as plazas, squares etc.
Expressed as: Energy consumption on street lighting -------------------------------------------------------- = ________ Total number of street light installations
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Energy consumption data for a period of a month on street lighting and lighting in plazas, squares, parks etc. should be captured
  • Average of energy consumption data for different months should be used, in order to capture periodic variations.
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs). Total number of light installations/poles can be obtained from the records of the ULB/ Development Authority.
10.8 Percentage of new and redeveloped buildings following green building norms   Percentage 80%
Description: The extent to which new developments and redevelopments have adopted green building norms and have received GRIHA, LEEDS or equivalent green ratings, leading to reduction in overall energy consumption.
Expressed as: Built up area of new/redeveloped buildings completed that have received green ratings ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total built up area of all new/redeveloped buildings completed during the same year
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The current year should be the reference year, and only those buildings completed during the year should be used for computation.
  • Buildings that have received a GRIHA, LEEDS or equivalent green rating should be included for calculating the numerator.
  • Data can be obtained from the ULB or Development Authority. Data may also be available with the MoNRE regarding certification provided to buildings in various cities, or with rating agencies like GRIHA and LEEDS
10.9 Total energy consumption per capita   kWh per capita City with the lowest per capita consumption (amongst cities in the same city-size classification as given in this document) will be treated as a benchmark
Description: This denotes the per capita energy consumption by residential, commercial and industrial users in the city. This is an important indicator that can be used by cities to plan various conservation and efficiency-related interventions for optimizing energy use.
Expressed as: Total energy consumption (for all uses) in the city --------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Energy consumption data for a period of a month should be captured
  • Average of energy consumption data for different months should be used, in order to capture periodic variations.
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs).
  • Data can be obtained from local electricity distribution companies (DISCOMs).
11.1 Geographical coverage of public transport   Road kms per square km >=1
Description: This denotes the geographical coverage of public transport services (road, rail or water based) in the city, and along with Indicator 11.2 is indicative of the overall availability of public transport facilities in the city. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as: Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total length of the public transport corridor within the urban limits should be considered. Public transport systems will include suburban and metro rails, buses, public water transport, and can include public or private transport service providers.
  • Corridors along which the service frequency is one hour or less should only be considered.
  • Data on service coverage can be obtained from the records of the relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or ULB, as applicable. Route and frequency data can also be obtained from major private providers.
  • Data on area of the city can be obtained from ULB or Development Authority.
11.2 Availability of public transport   Number per 1000 persons >=0.6
Description: This denotes the availability of public bus or rail transport in the city, in proportion to the population of the city. Along with Indicator 11.1 it is indicative of the overall availability of public transport facilities in the city. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed asAverage number of public transport vehicles available per day ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 1,000 = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • ‘Public transport’ shall include both buses and rail coaches. Each rail coach will be considered equivalent to 3 buses for computation.
  • Number of public transport vehicles operating in the city should be the actual buses/ rail coaches in operation and as such the number can be lower than the number of vehicles/rolling stock owned by the public utility or major private operators.
  • Daily average values over a specific time period (e.g. a month) can be considered
  • Data on public transport can be obtained from the logs maintained by the Transport Authority or major Private Operators, and Suburban Rail/ Metro Rail authorities.
  • Population data can be sourced from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
11.3 Mode share of public transport   Percentage Small town (Less than 50,000 population) 12%

Medium town (Population ≥ 50,000 < 1 lakh) 12%

(Population ≥ 1 lakh < 5 lakh) 15%

Large town (Population ≥ 5 lakh < 1 million) 15%
Metropolitan City (Population ≥ 1 million < 2 million) 20%

(Population ≥ 2 million < 5 million 33%
Megapolis Population ≥ 5 million) 38%
Description: This is a critical indicator that denotes the extent to which people use public transport for moving within the city. Higher modal share in favour of public transport or non-motorized transport is desirable. The National Transport Development Policy Committee (NTDPC), 2013 provides the benchmarks for the level of service in a city
Expressed as: Total public transport trips ---------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total trips through all modes in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • ‘Public transport’ shall include buses, suburban and metro rail, water transport (e.g. ferries) etc.
  • A household survey (or other alternative transportation survey technique) can be undertaken for capturing the modal split in the city as per the sample size prescribed for different size-classes of towns in the URDPFI Guidelines.
  • Wherever recent studies (current year) have been undertaken for planning purposes, the same may be used for obtaining data. Such studies may be available with local Transport Authorities or ULBs.
11.4 Percentage of road network with dedicated bicycle tracks   Percentage >=50
Description: This denotes the availability of dedicated Right of Way (ROW) for bicycles in the city, thereby encouraging the use of such nonpolluting transport options. Higher percentage would indicate a better non-motorised transport (NMT) network in the city. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as: Total length of bicycle network ------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total length of road network in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The total length of cycle tracks shall be calculated only once, even where tracks are available on both sides.
  • Data can be obtained from relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB.
11.5 Percentage of interchanges with bicycle parking facilities   Percentage >=75
Description: The extent to which use of bicycles is encouraged in a city by providing adequate parking facilities at the major transport interchanges – bus depots/stations, metro or suburban rail stations and water transport terminals (e.g. ferry terminal). This is thus an indicator of the extent to which NMT has been integrated with the public transport network in the city. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as:
11.6 Mode share of non-motorised transport   Percentage Small town (Less than 50,000 population) 67%

Medium town (Population ≥ 50,000 < 1 lakh) 67%

(Population ≥ 1 lakh < 5 lakh) 60%

Large town (Population ≥ 5 lakh < 1 million) 53%

Metropolitan City (Population ≥ 1 million < 2 million) 48% (Population ≥ 2 million < 5 million 36%

Megapolis Population ≥ 5 million) 36%
Description: This denotes the extent to which people walk or use bicycles and cycle rickshaws for moving within the city. Higher number of trips indicate better infrastructure available for pedestrian movement and cycling as well as higher acceptability of NMT as a transport option. The National Transport Development Policy Committee, 2013 provides the benchmarks for the level of service in a city.
Expressed as: Total NMT (pedestrian, cycling and cycle rickshaws) trips ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total trips through all modes in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • ‘Non-motorised transport’ shall include pedestrian, cycling and cycle rickshaws trips.
  • A household survey (or other alternative transportation survey technique) can be undertaken for capturing the modal split in the city as per the sample size prescribed for different size-classes of towns in the URDPFI Guidelines.
  • Wherever recent studies (current year) have been undertaken for planning purposes, the same may be used for obtaining data. Such studies may be available with local Transport Authorities or ULBs.
11.7 Availability of Passenger Information System   Percentage >=75
Description: Passenger Information Systems (PIS) are the key communication link between transportation operators and the travelling passengers. They provide accurate information regarding arrival and departure times, gates etc. Such information is provided in the form of digital displays as well as through loud speakers installed at appropriate locations. This indicator denotes the extent to which such PIS are installed at all major transport interchanges, such as major bus stops and bus depots, suburban rail stations, metro stations and water transport terminals. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as: Total number of major interchanges with PIS -------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of major interchanges in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Major transport interchanges will include bus depots/stations, metro or suburban rail stations and water transport terminals (e.g. ferry terminal)
  • Only those interchanges with operational PIS systems shall be included in the numerator
  • Data can be obtained from the records of the relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB and corroborated through sample physical surveys.
11.8 Extent of signal synchronisation   Percentage >=75
Description: The extent to which signals installed at traffic junctions on major roads in the city are interconnected and synchronised, so as to facilitate smooth traffic flow along the road networks. Synchronisation means that the phasing of the signal at any specific intersection is in tune with the phasing of the intersection before and after it so as to provide a continuous green phase for the traffic stream, resulting in reduced congestion and stopping time at each intersection. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed: Total number of signalised intersections that are synchronised --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of signalised intersections in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Synchronisation will mean that the phasing of the signal at any specific intersection is in tune with the phasing of the intersection before and after it so as to provide a continuous green phase for the traffic stream, resulting in reduced congestion and stopping time at each intersection.
  • Only those signals that are synchronized should be included in the numerator
  • Data can be obtained from the records of the relevant Transport Authority/ Department responsible for signal management in the city and corroborated through sample physical surveys
11.9 Availability of paid parking spaces   Percentage >=75
Description: This is indicative of the restriction on free parking spaces for all vehicles in a city and measures the availability of paid public onstreet parking spaces in the city, particularly along major arterial and sub-arterial roads. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as: Total available on-street paid parking spaces in the city --------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total available on-street parking spaces in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Number of parking spaces (paid or unpaid) should be stated in terms of Equivalent Car Spaces (ECS) allotted for all vehicles. Total available on-street parking spaces = (Number of parking spaces for cars X 1) + (Number of parking spaces for two wheelers X 0.25)
  • All arterial, sub-arterial roads with ROW equal to or more than 30 metres (minimum width for sub-arterial roads IRC:86-1983) should be taken into account, including service roads (if any) along these roads.
  • Data can be obtained from the records of relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB and verified through sample physical surveys
11.10 Percentage coverage of footpaths – wider than 1.2m   Percentage >=75
Description: This denotes the availability of pedestrian facilities (footpaths wider than 1.2 metres) along the road network in the city. SLBs for Urban Transport developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for transport.
Expressed as: Total length of footpaths (wider than 1.2 m) available in the city ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total length of road network in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The total length of footpaths having minimum width of 1.2 metres shall be counted and shall also be multiplied by 2 for roads where footpaths are available on both sides.
  • The total length of road network available in the city shall be multiplied by 2 (since footpaths should be provided on either side of the roads).
  • Data can be obtained from the records of relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB and verified through sample physical surveys
11.11 Percentage of traffic intersections with pedestrian crossing facilities   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which pedestrian crossing facilities such as zebra crossing, pedestrian signals, grade separators etc. are available at all traffic junctions on major roads in the city.
Expressed as: Total number of intersections with pedestrian crossing facilities on major roads ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of junctions/ intersections on major roads in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • The Traffic junctions along all roads with ROW equal to or more than 20 metres (minimum width for collector roads IRC:86-1983) should be taken into account.
  • Sample physical surveys can be conducted (ward-wise) to assess the availability of pedestrian facilities at junctions and an average can be used. Wherever available, data can also be obtained from the relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB.
  • Data on total number of junctions can be obtained from the relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB on the basis of available maps showing road network.
11.12 Extent to which universal accessibility is incorporated in public rights-ofway   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which public right-of-way areas such as Government buildings, sidewalks/ footpaths, subways and foot-over-bridges (FOB) have been designed in accordance with universal design principles (including design of appropriate signage) so as to facilitate use and access by all, including the differently abled. Guidelines have been provided by the MoUD for barrier-free environment (Harmonized Guidelines and Space Standards for Barrier Free Built Environment for Persons with Disability and Elderly persons, 2016)
Expressed as: Number of public right-of-way areas designed as per universal design principles --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of public right-of-way areas in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Public right-of-way areas will include areas such as Government buildings, sidewalks/ footpaths, subways and foot-over-bridges (FOB)
  • Data can be obtained from the relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB and corroborated through sample physical inspections.
  • Data on total number of government buildings, sidewalks, subways and FOBs can be obtained from the relevant Transport Authority, Development Authority or Planning department of the ULB.
12.1 Household level coverage of direct water supply connections   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which households in the city are connected to the water supply network with a direct service connection, as percentage of total number of households. Household level water supply connection i.e. direct piped connection, is the minimum acceptable standard for water supply service. Water provision through public stand posts or tankers is not considered as an acceptable longterm service provision standard. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for water supply.
Expressed as: Total number of households with direct water supply connection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total number of households in the city
  • This will include households which receive municipal water supply at one common point, from where it is stored and distributed for all households (for e.g. as in apartment complexes).
  • This will include households which receive municipal water supply at one common point, from where it is stored and distributed for all households (for e.g. as in apartment complexes).
  • Households supplied water through public stand posts or tankers should be excluded. Households completely dependent on other water sources such as bore wells, open wells, etc. should not be included.
  • Data on number of connections can be obtained from the records available with ULB/ Water Utility or Public Health and Engineering Department (PHED), as applicable.
  • Data on households can be obtained from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
12.2 Per capita supply of water   Litres per capita per day (lpcd) 135 lpcd
Description: Per capita water supplied, indicates the adequacy of the municipal water supply system to source adequate raw water, treat water to potable standards and supply the same into the distribution system. This denotes the overall sufficiency of water supplied into the municipal network to meet the needs of the population. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for water supply.
Expressed as: Total quantity of water supplied into the distribution system -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- = _____ Total population of the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on average quantum of treated water supplied into the distribution system on a daily basis, obtained on the basis of measurement by bulk flow meters at the outlet of treatment plants and/or bulk production points, can be obtained from the records of ULB/ Water Utility or PHED, as applicable.
  • If water is distributed from multiple points, aggregate of that quantity should be considered as total quantity of water supplied into the distribution system. However, the quantum should exclude all bulk transmission losses, as measured through water audit data available with ULBs
  • Population data can be obtained from the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
12.3 Quality of water supplied   Percentage 100%
Description: This denotes the quality of water supplied to citizens, as per specified potable water standards. This is an important aspect, since poor water quality can pose serious public health hazards. Quality standards for potable water are laid down by the Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO) as part of the Manual on Water Supply and Treatment, 1999.
Expressed as: Number of samples meeting or exceeding specified potable water standards ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of samples tested for water quality
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Potable water standards for measurement and sampling regimen should be as per standards and norms laid down by CPHEEO (Manual on Water Supply and Treatment, 1999).
  • Samples should be drawn both at the treatment plant outlet as well as at the consumer end.
  • Sample survey as per sampling regimen prescribed by CPHEEO (Manual on Water Supply and Treatment, 1999)
  • All parameters of the quality standards should be met. Even if one standard is not met, the sample cannot be assumed to have met the standards
12.4 Level of non-revenue water – NR   Percentage Less than 15%
Description: This denotes the quantity of water produced and supplied by the ULB that does not earn the utility any revenue. NRW comprises of - a) consumption which is authorized but not billed, such as public stand posts; b) apparent losses such as illegal water connections, water theft and metering inaccuracies; and c) real losses due to leakages in the transmission and distribution networks. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for water supply.
Expressed as: Quantum of water put into distribution system (mld) - Quantum of water sold (mld) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Quantum of water put into the distribution system (mld)
  • Data on average quantum of treated water supplied into the distribution system on a daily basis obtained on the basis of measurement by bulk flow meters at the outlet of treatment plants and/or bulk production points, can be obtained from the records of ULB/ Water Utility or PHED, as applicable.
  • If water is distributed from multiple points, aggregate of that quantity should be considered. However, the quantum should exclude all bulk transmission losses, as measured through water audit data available with ULBs
  • Data on quantum of water sold can be obtained from the records of the ULB/ Water Utility or PHED, as applicable
  • Where full metering has been achieved the actual aggregate volume of water consumed based on which consumers have been billed should be considered for computation.
  • In the absence of metered connections and flat water charges, the volume of water supplied to such consumers can be calculated on the basis of average consumption per consumer and the total number of such consumers.
12.5 Percentage of water connections covered through meters   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which water supply connections in the city are covered through functional meters (including smart meters), thereby facilitating better monitoring, volumetric billing and reduction in losses. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for water supply.
Expressed as: Number of metered water connections ----------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of water connections in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total number of metered connections will include metered direct service connections, as well as metered public stand posts.
  • Total number of metered connections will include metered direct service connections, as well as metered public stand posts.
  • Households and establishments which receive municipal water supply at one common point, from where it can be stored and distributed for all households (for e.g. as in apartment complexes), should be included.
  • Households that are completely dependent on other water sources such as bore wells, open wells, tankers etc. should not be included.
  • Data can be obtained from the records of the ULB/ Water Utility or PHED, as applicable.
12.6 Percentage of plots with rainwater harvesting facility   Percentage 100% of all new developments/ redevelopments with minimum plot size of 300 sq.m., and all commercial and public buildings should have rainwater harvesting facilities
Description: The extent to which individual plots within a city have the ability to retain storm water within the site through rain water harvesting (RWH) structures. The MoUD under the AMRUT Mission has recommended that all new developments/ redevelopments with minimum plot size of 300 sq.m., and all commercial and public buildings should have rainwater harvesting facilities.
Expressed as: Number of new developments/redevelopments (of designated plot size), commercial and public buildings with RWH facility -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = ____ Total number of new developments/redevelopments (of designated plot size), commercial and public buildings in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Only those buildings where ULB has a record that such facilities have been constructed should be considered.
  • Data can be obtained from the records of planning or building sanctions department of the ULB.
13.1 Coverage of toilets   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which citizens have access to individual or community toilets in the city. These would include toilets in the category of residential, commercial, industrial and institutional properties. This should be computed for the number of properties recorded in municipal records and not households. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for waste water management.
Expressed as: Total number of properties with access to individual and/or community toilets ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of properties in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total number of properties as per municipal records (not households) should be considered for the computation. A property may have multiple tenants/ households occupying it.
  • Data on number of properties with access to toilets can be obtained from the records available with the ULB. Where such data is unavailable sample field surveys may need to be conducted (random stratified sample) to estimate the proportion of properties (ward wise) without access to individual/community toilets.
  • Data on total properties can be obtained from the records of the ULB.
13.2 Coverage of sewerage network and/or septage   Percentage 100%
Description: Denotes the extent to which waste water management facilities are available to individual properties across the city, whether through centralized underground sewerage, decentralized systems or on-site systems such as septic tanks. This should be computed for the number of properties recorded in municipal records and not households, and should include all residential, commercial, industrial and institutional properties. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for waste water management.
Expressed as: Total number of properties with connection to waste water management systems ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total number of properties in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Total number of properties as per municipal records (not households) should be considered for the computation. A property may have multiple tenants/ households occupying it.
  • Only properties with access connection to centralised underground sewerage network, or decentralised sewerage or onsite systems such as septic tanks should be included.
  • Properties that connect their waste water outlets to storm water drains or open drainage systems should not be included.
  • Data can be obtained from the records available with the ULB/ Water and Sewerage Utility.
13.3 Collection efficiency of sewerage network   Percentage 100%
Description: This indicator denotes the actual proportion of waste water generated in the city that is collected by the available sewerage network. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for waste water management.
Expressed as: Total waste water collected per day ------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total waste water generated in the city per day
Methodology/ Interpretation
  • Waste water generated in a city is assumed to be 80% of the total water consumed in mld. This data should be based on the water supplied to the distribution system after treatment, less physical losses of water due to transmission and distribution losses as available with the ULB/ Water and Sewerage Utility.
  • Where other sources are also used such as sourcing water from deep bore wells or tanker supply, the same should be included.
  • Waste water collected should be estimated on the basis of measurements taken at the inlet of centralised sewage treatment plants and decentralised waste water treatment systems (DEWATS). Data on quantum of wastewater collected can be obtained from ULB/ Water and Sewerage Utility.
13.4 Extent of reuse and recycling of waste water   Percentage 20% or more
Description: This denotes the proportion of waste water received at the treatment plant that is recycled or reused for various purposes. Treated waste water can be used for horticultural purposes in parks and gardens, irrigation of farmlands on city periphery, and/or supplied to power plants and industries. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for waste water management.
Expressed as: Quantum of waste water recycled or reused per day ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total waste water received at treatment plants per day
Methodology/ Interpretation
  • SDG Target 6.3: By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increasing recycling and safe reuse globally
    • SDG Indicator 6.3.1: Proportion of wastewater safely treated
  • SDG Target 12.2: By 2030, achieve the sustainable management and efficient use of natural resources
13.5 Coverage of storm water drains   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which the road network in the city is covered through a storm water drainage network (pucca covered drains). SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for storm water drainage.
Expressed as: Total length of covered primary, secondary and tertiary drains (of pucca construction) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total length of road network in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • For the numerator only drains that are of pucca construction and are covered should be considered.
  • For the denominator only roads that have a carriageway of 3.5 metres or more should eb considered.
  • Data can be obtained from the ULB or estimated on the basis of maps available with the ULB.
14.1 Household level coverage of municipal solid waste collection   Percentage 100% Door to Door
Description: The extent to which households and establishments in the city are covered through door-to-door collection of municipal solid wastes on a daily basis. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for solid waste management.
Expressed as: Total number of households and establishments covered through doorstep collection ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ X 100 = _____ Total number of households and establishments in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on coverage of doorstep collection can be obtained from the records of the ULB or private operators employed by the ULB, as applicable. This data can be further verified from available records for user charges (if any) collected by the service providers for doorstep collection.
  • In addition to services provided by the ULB or designated service providers, households and establishments covered through Resident Welfare Associations or Traders’ Associations should also be included.
  • Total number of households should be calculated on the basis of the decennial Census of India. Past census figures should be used as base, and annual growth rate should then be used to arrive at current population.
  • Total number of establishments can be obtained from the records of the ULB. Wherever available, data on total number of households/ establishments can be obtained from updated GIS spatial data of the city.
14.2 Efficiency of collection of municipal solid waste   Percentage 100%
Description: The extent to which the quantum of municipal solid waste (MSW) generated in the city is collected by the ULB or its authorised service providers (private operators). SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for solid waste management.
Expressed as: Total quantum of MSW collected by the ULB or private operator --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total quantum of MSW generated in the city
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on waste collected from households, commercial establishments and common collection points based on actual weighment, can be obtained from the records of ULBs and/or designated service providers.
  • Waste generation estimates can be based on a sample survey of a statistically relevant proportion of households and establishments. Where such a survey has been carried out earlier, the per capita generation data from such studies can be used.
  • Alternatively, waste generation can be calculated on the basis of empirical standards per capita available for different city sizes. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) indicates that the per capita generation of wastes in Class I cities is 0.376 kg/person/day, and in Class II cities it is 0.152 kg/person/day
  • The total generation figure should exclude any waste recycled or processed at source, and which does not require to be collected.
14.3 Extent of municipal solid waste recovered through reuse   Percentage 80% or more
Description: The extent to which municipal solid waste generated in the city is either recycled or processed through centralised and decentralised recycling processes. SLBs for Urban Services developed by the MoUD provide guidance on the service levels for solid waste management.
Expressed as: Average quantum of MSW that is processed or recycled (tons per month) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Average MSW generated in the city (tons per month)
Methodology/ Interpretation and Sources of Data
  • Data on quantum of wastes recycled per month at organised large waste processing facilities, such as composting yards and waste-to-energy facilities, can be obtained from the records of the ULB or recycling partners designated by the ULB. Aggregates of unorganized recycled waste can be obtained at wholesaler level.
  • Unorganized recycling through community level composting facilities and reuse through the chain of waste recyclers should be added to organized recycling through the ULB or its service providers.
  • Waste generation estimates can be based on a sample survey of a statistically relevant proportion of households and establishments. Where such a survey has been carried out earlier, the per capita generation data from such studies can be used.
  • Alternatively, waste generation can be calculated on the basis of empirical standards per capita available for different city sizes. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) indicates that the per capita generation of wastes in Class I cities is 0.376 kg/person/day, and in Class II cities it is 0.152 kg/person/day
  • The total generation figure should exclude any waste recycled or processed at source, and which does not require to be collected
15.1 Concentration of SO2 - air pollution   µg/m3 Annual mean concentration of 50 µg/m3 OR Mean concentration over 24 hours of 80 µg/m3
Description: This indicator along with 15.2 and 15.3 denotes the acceptable levels of air pollutants in the city. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2 ) is considered one of the critical urban air pollutants, monitored on a regular basis by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) through a nation-wide programme for ambient air quality monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). High levels of SO2 can potentially affect the health of citizens, particularly those suffering from asthma and chronic lung diseases, and exacerbate respiratory symptoms. The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including SO2 ) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
Expressed as: Annual mean concentration OR Mean concentration over 24 hours of SO2
Interpretation/ Methodology and Sources of Data
  • The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including SO2) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
  • As per the guidelines, annual mean concentration range (μg/m3) of SO2 is calculated as an annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week.
  • Air samples should be tested at various points in the city. Measurements may be carried out as per the guidelines for manual sampling and analysis provided by the CPCB (Guidelines for the Measurement of Ambient Air Pollutants Volume-I, 2011). Guidelines on choosing monitoring locations is also given by CPCB (Guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, 2003).
  • Previous data collected by CPCB or respective State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) during the same year can be used to additionally obtain information for different times of the year.
15.2 Concentration of NO2 - air pollution   µg/m3 Annual mean concentration of 40 µg/m3 OR Mean concentration over 24 hours of 80 µg/m3
Description: This indicator along with 15.1 and 15.3 denotes the acceptable levels of air pollutants in the city. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 ) is considered one of the critical urban air pollutants, monitored on a regular basis by the CPCB through a nation-wide programme for ambient air quality monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). Continued and frequent exposure to high levels of NO2 can cause irritation of lungs and acute respiratory illnesses. The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including NO2 ) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
Expressed as: The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including NO2) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
Interpretation/ Methodology and Sources of Data
  • The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including NO2) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
  • As per the guidelines, annual mean concentration range (μg/m3) of NO2 is calculated as an annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week.
  • Air samples should be tested at various points in the city. Measurements may be carried out as per the guidelines for manual sampling and analysis provided by the CPCB (Guidelines for the Measurement of Ambient Air Pollutants Volume-I, 2011). Guidelines on choosing monitoring locations is also given by CPCB (Guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, 2003).
  • Previous data collected by CPCB or respective State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) during the same year can be used to additionally obtain information for different times of the year.
15.3 Concentration of PM10 - air pollution   µg/m3 Annual mean concentration of 60 µg/m3 OR Mean concentration over 24 hours of 100 µg/m3
Description: This indicator along with 15.1 and 15.2 denotes the acceptable levels of air pollutants in the city. Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (size less than 10μm) or PM10 is considered one of the critical urban air pollutants, monitored on a regular basis by the CPCB through a nationwide programme for ambient air quality monitoring known as National Air Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP). Exposure to high levels of PM10 can cause respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including PM10 ) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
Expressed as: Annual mean concentration OR Mean concentration over 24 hours of PM10
Interpretation/ Methodology and Sources of Data
  • The standards for acceptable level of air pollutants (including PM10) have been prescribed as part of the National Air Quality Standards (2009) by the CPCB.
  • As per the guidelines, annual mean concentration range (μg/m3) of PM10 is calculated as an annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week.
  • Air samples should be tested at various points in the city. Measurements may be carried out as per the guidelines for manual sampling and analysis provided by the CPCB (Guidelines for the Measurement of Ambient Air Pollutants Volume-I, 2011). Guidelines on choosing monitoring locations is also given by CPCB (Guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring, 2003).
  • Previous data collected by CPCB or respective State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) during the same year can be used to additionally obtain information for different times of the year.
15.4 Level of noise pollution   Percentage Industrial area 75 70

Commercial area 65 55

Residential area 55 45

Sensitive area (silence zone) 50 40
Description: This denotes the level of noise pollution in a city. Prolonged exposure to ambient noise from industrial activity, construction, vehicles, loud speakers, generator sets etc. can have negative health effects on citizens, in addition to causing annoyance and sleep deprivation. Cities can implement various measures to regulate noise pollution as per the provisions of the Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000. The rules also provide benchmarks for acceptable noise levels in industrial, commercial, residential and sensitive (silence) zones such as hospitals, nursing homes, educational institutions and courts.
Expressed as: Number of noise samples meeting acceptable noise levels -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of noise samples
Interpretation/ Methodology and Sources of Data
  • Sound samples should be tested at various points in the city and at different times of the day.
  • The procedure for monitoring of noise levels is given by CPCB (Protocol for Ambient Level Noise Monitoring, 2015). Measurements should be conducted in various categories of areas (industrial/ commercial, residential and sensitive areas), both during day and night.
  • Where cities have installed sensors for mapping noise levels at various public places, light poles etc., such data can be obtained to enable taking an average value over a longer period. Such data will be available from the ULB department, or operator responsible for data management and reporting.
15.5 Quality of water in public surface water bodies   Percentage Drinking water source without conventional treatment but with chlorination (Quality - A) Total coliform organisms (MPN/100 ml) shall be 50 or less pH between 6.5 and 8.5 Dissolved Oxygen 6 mg/l or more, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days - 2 mg/l or less

Outdoor bathing (organized) (Quality B) Total coliform organisms (MPN/100 ml) shall be 500 or less pH between 6.5 and 8.5 Dissolved Oxygen 5 mg/l or more, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days - 3 mg/l or less

Drinking water source with conventional treatment (Quality C) Total coliform organisms (MPN/100 ml) shall be 5000 or less pH between 6 and 9 Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand 5 days - 3 mg/l or less

Propagation of wildlife and fisheries (Quality D) pH between 6.5 and 8.5 Dissolved Oxygen 4 mg/l or more, and Free ammonia (as N) 1.2 mg/l or less

Irrigation, industrial cooling, and controlled disposal (Quality E) pH between 6.0 and 8.5 Electrical conductivity less than 2250 micro mhos/cm, Sodium Absorption Ratio less than 26, and Boron less than 2 mg/l.
Description: This denotes the quality of water in public surface water bodies such as rivers, lakes and ponds in the city, which is critical for maintaining the health of the overall water ecology associated with these surface water bodies. The CPCB has classified water bodies into 5 categories based on the designated best use of the water bodies and prescribed water quality standards in terms of chemical requirements for each of the categories (Guidelines for Water Quality Management, 2008).
Expressed as: Number of tested samples meeting prescribed standards ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- X 100 = _____ Total number of samples tested
Interpretation/ Methodology and Sources of Data
  • The CPCB has classified water bodies into 5 categories based on the designated best use of the water bodies and prescribed water quality standards in terms of chemical requirements for each of the categories (Guidelines for Water Quality Management, 2008).
  • An inventory of surface water bodies in the city should be developed with the assistance of a base map, in discussion with ULB/ Planning Authority
  • Water samples from the various water bodies should be tested as per the Guidelines for Water Quality Monitoring, 2007 developed by the CPCB
  • Previous data collected by CPCB or respective State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs) during the same year can be used to additionally obtain information for different times of the year.